What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Biomasshigh
Shademoderate
Through the year
Emergence
Emergence of new shoots in early spring after the last frost and when soil temperatures rise above 5C.
Flowering
Flowering occurs in early summer, typically June, as day length increases.
Fruiting
Fruiting follows flowering, with seeds maturing from mid-summer to early autumn.
Senescence
Foliage dies back with the first autumn frosts.
Dormancy
Enters winter dormancy after senescence, remaining dormant through cold months.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagemoist to well-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatespotassium, calcium, magnesium
Soil textureloam, clay, sand
Organic matterHigh
Compaction toleranceHigh
Propagation
Methodsseeds, rhizome_cuttings, division
Difficulty1 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Self-seedingAggressive
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Can host pestscarrot_rust_fly
Can host diseasespowdery_mildew