What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to part shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Nectarhigh
Pollenhigh
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of seedlings after the last spring frost and when soil temperatures consistently reach 10°C.
floweringFlowering begins in mid-summer as days lengthen and air temperatures are consistently above 18°C.
fruitingFruiting follows flowering, with seeds maturing approximately 30 days after the onset of flowering.
senescenceFoliage begins to die back with the first autumn frost.
dormancyPlants enter dormancy shortly after the first autumn frost, persisting through winter.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatespotassium, calcium
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Stratificationcold stratification for 30-60 days
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, butterflies, hummingbirds