What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Fruitedible berries
Biomassmedium
Shelterhabitat for birds and small mammals
Through the year
Flowering
Flowers emerge after sufficient chill and the last spring frost, typically when air temperatures consistently rise above 50C.
Fruiting
Fruits develop and ripen approximately 45 days after flowering.
Harvest
Berries are ready for harvest shortly after ripening, typically over a 2-3 week period.
Senescence
Leaves begin to senesce and drop with the first autumn frosts and shortening day lengths.
Dormancy
The plant enters dormancy after the first hard frosts of autumn, lasting through winter.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatescalcium, magnesium, potassium
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam, clay_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseeds, cuttings, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
StratificationRequires cold stratification for 90-120 days at 1-50C
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractspollinators, birds, small mammals
Can host pestsapple curculio, saskatoon sawfly, leafrollers
Can host diseasesrust, powdery mildew, fire blight