What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to part shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Fruitedible berries
Biomassmedium
Shadelight to medium
Through the year
Flowering
Flowers in early spring after chill fulfillment and the last spring frost.
Fruiting
Fruits develop approximately 45 days after flowering.
Senescence
Leaves change color and senesce with the first autumn frost and shortening days.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained to moist
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatescalcium, magnesium, potassium
Soil textureloam, sand, clay
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseeds, cuttings, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
StratificationRequires cold stratification for 90-120 days
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractspollinators, birds, wildlife
Can host pestsapple maggot, leaf miners, borers
Can host diseasescedar-apple rust, fire blight, powdery mildew