What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium to high
↑ Gives back
Biomassmoderate
Pollinator_attractionattracts various pollinators
Companions
Through the year
Emergence
Emergence of shoots after the last spring frost and when soil temperatures are consistently above 15 C.
Flowering
Flowering typically occurs in mid-summer as days are long, approximately 90 days after emergence.
Fruiting
Fruiting follows flowering, with pods developing over two months.
Senescence
Foliage dies back with the first autumn frost.
Dormancy
Plants enter dormancy after the first autumn frost, overwintering as tubers.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained to moist
Nitrogen fixingYes
MycorrhizalYes
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, tuber_division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
Stratificationcold_moist_stratification
Self-seedingLight
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, butterflies