What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Biomassmedium
Through the year
Emergence
Seeds germinate after the last spring frost when soil temperatures are consistently above 50C.
Flowering
Flowers typically appear from mid-summer, triggered by lengthening days.
Fruiting
Fruits develop after flowering, maturing through late summer and early autumn.
Harvest
Leaves can be harvested continuously from emergence until senescence; seeds are harvested when mature in late summer/early autumn.
Senescence
Plants die back with the first hard autumn frosts.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained to moist
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatessodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium
Soil texturesandy, loamy, clay
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed
Difficulty1 / 5
Establishes in~0 yr
Self-seedingAggressive