What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to part shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of new shoots in spring after the last frost and when soil temperatures rise above 5
C.
floweringFlowering occurs approximately 60 days after emergence, typically in late spring to early summer.
fruitingFruiting follows flowering, with seed pods developing and maturing over about two months.
senescenceFoliage begins to die back with the first autumn frost.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingYes
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatesnitrogen
Soil textureloam, sand, clay
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
StratificationRequires cold stratification for 60-90 days
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, butterflies