What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Waterlow to medium
↑ Gives back
Fruitedible fruit
Mulch_biomassmedium
Wind_shelterdense thorny habitat
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceNew leaves emerge after the last spring frost and when air temperatures consistently rise above 5°C.
floweringFlowering typically occurs about a month after leaf emergence, lasting for approximately 30 days.
fruitingFruits begin to form about two months after flowering and ripen over a period of two months.
harvestBerries are typically ready for harvest in September.
senescenceLeaves begin to senesce and drop with the first autumn frosts and shortening day lengths.
dormancyThe plant enters dormancy after the first autumn frosts, lasting through winter.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatespotassium, calcium
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam, clay_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseeds, cuttings, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
Stratificationcold_moist
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring_or_autumn
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, birds
Can host pestsaphids, barberry_looper
Can host diseasesblack_stem_rust