What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of seedlings typically occurs after the last spring frost when soil temperatures consistently reach 5°C.
floweringFlowering is initiated by lengthening photoperiods, usually about 60 days after emergence.
fruitingFruiting follows flowering, with seeds maturing approximately 30 days after the onset of flowering.
senescenceThe plant senesces with the arrival of the first autumn frost.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatespotassium, calcium
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceLow
Propagation
Methodsseed
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Self-seedingModerate
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, butterflies