What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Biomassmoderate
Seedshigh
Through the year
Emergence
Seeds germinate when soil temperatures reach 50C.
Flowering
Flowering is initiated by shortening day lengths, typically occurring 90 days after emergence.
Fruiting
Grain development begins after flowering and continues for approximately 60 days.
Harvest
Harvest typically occurs in late summer to early autumn, around September, when grains are mature.
Senescence
Plants naturally senesce and die back with the first autumn frosts.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatescalcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium
Soil texturesandy_loam, loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Self-seedingModerate
Wildlife & pests
Can host pestsleaf miners, aphids
Can host diseasesdowny mildew