shrub

Hawthorn

Crataegus monogyna

Updated 4 Aug 2026 · AI-parsed entry

Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) — a shrub, for Full sun, Medium water.

What it needs & gives back

↓ Needs

Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate

↑ Gives back

Mulch_biomassmedium
Shademedium
Nectarhigh
Pollenhigh
Fruithigh

Through the year

Through the year

JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceBud break and leaf emergence typically occur after the last spring frost and when air temperatures consistently rise above 5°C.
floweringFlowering usually begins about 30 days after leaf emergence, typically in late spring to early summer.
fruitingFruit development follows flowering, with berries (haws) forming and ripening over approximately two months.
harvestHaws are typically ready for harvest from late September through October, after they have fully ripened and softened.
senescenceLeaf senescence and color change are triggered by the first autumn frosts and shortening day lengths.
dormancyDormancy is entered shortly after leaf drop, induced by cold temperatures and short days, lasting through winter.

Soil interactions

Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatescalcium, potassium
Soil textureloam, clay, sand
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium

Propagation

Methodsseed, cuttings, grafting
Difficulty3 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
Stratificationrequires cold stratification for 3-6 months
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionautumn

Wildlife & pests

Attractspollinators, birds, beneficial_insects
Can host pestsaphids, hawthorn_leaf_miner
Can host diseasesfire_blight, rust