Onderwijsgek · CC BY-SA 3.0
Fligetbladet hyld
Busk·Sambucus nigra var. laciniata
Halvskygge til fuld sol
Sol
Tør til våd jord
Vand
Veldrænet jord
Dræning
Ikke registreret
Hårdførhed
Dækning · 94 felter
Ingen åbenlyse uoverensstemmelser fundet.
Vækst og størrelse11 felter
Plantetype
Løvfældende busk“Sambucus nigra is a deciduous Shrub growing to 6 m (19ft) by 6 m (19ft) at a fast rate.”
Højde
600 cm · andre kilder: 1.000 cm“Sambucus nigra is a deciduous Shrub growing to 6 m (19ft) by 6 m (19ft) at a fast rate.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“Sambucus nigra L., also known as black elderberry, common elder or European elder, is usually a 4-5 m tall shrub or rarely a small tree, up to 10 m in height, with vigorous erect shoots, arching branches and brownish-grey and deeply furrowed bark.”
Bredde
600 cm“Sambucus nigra is a deciduous Shrub growing to 6 m (19ft) by 6 m (19ft) at a fast rate.”
Højde ved alder
—
tomt
Størrelse efter plantning
16 år: 5 m høj, 3 m krone · 36 år: 6 m høj, 5 m krone · 46 år: 7 m høj, 5 m krone“Berlin tree register: 176 trees of this species measured with years since planting, height and crown diameter; median crown 5.0 m and height 7.0 m at 40–60 years after planting (34 trees).”Median af 176 målte træer i Berlin. Årene tælles fra udplantning af planteskoletræer, så et lille træ når hver størrelse senere.
Planteafstand
300 cm (mindst 200 cm)
AI-estimat55 % enig
Vækstrate
Hurtig“Sambucus nigra is a deciduous Shrub growing to 6 m (19ft) by 6 m (19ft) at a fast rate.”
Vækstform
—
tomt
Roddybde
Middel
AI-estimat63 % enig
Skovhavelag
Busklag
AI-estimat90 % enig
Rødder6 felter
Rodform
Trævlerødder
AI-estimat43 % enig
Lagerorgan
Intet“No clonal growth organ is recorded: it does not spread vegetatively (no suckers, no rhizomes).”
Breder sig
Nej“No clonal growth organ is recorded: it does not spread vegetatively (no suckers, no rhizomes).”
Breder sig sideværts i cm
—
tomt
Roddybde i cm
—
tomt
Mykorrhiza
Arbuskulær (AM)
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Lys, vand og jord9 felter
Sol
Fuld sol, let skygge, halvskygge · bedst: fuld sol“It is vigorous and adaptable, growing in sun or partial shade although it performs poorly in deep shade or dry conditions.”
Timer sol
6–12 t
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Vand
Tør, fugtig, våd · bedst: fugtig · Middel · 2–5 l/dag“It prefers moist soil.”Wikipedia“It grows in a variety of conditions including both wet and dry fertile soils, primarily in sunny locations.”
Tåler vandlidende jord
—
tomt
Jordtype
Sand, muld, ler · bedst: muld“A very easily grown plant, it tolerates most soils and situations, growing well on chalk, but prefers a moist loamy soil.”PFAF“Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil.”
pH
5,5–8 · bedst 6–6,5“but grows best on well-drained, organic-rich, slightly acidic soils, about pH 6.0–6.5.”PFAF“Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils.”
Dræning
Veldrænet“but grows best on well-drained, organic-rich, slightly acidic soils, about pH 6.0–6.5.”
Komprimeret jord
Tåler det nogenlunde
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Klima5 felter
Hårdførhed
—
tomt
Dræbende frost
—
tomt
Vækst-temperatur
5–30 °C · optimal 12–22 °C
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Kuldetimer
400 t
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Hjemsted
—
tomt
Pleje (bliver til opgaver i Manage)2 felter
Beskæring
Februar · varer 61 dage“established plants can be hard pruned in late winter or early spring to restrict size or encourage fresh ornamental foliage.”
Wikipediadelvist
Jorddække
Marts · varer 15 dage
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Året rundt6 felter
Blomstring
Maj · varer 61 dage“The hermaphroditic flowers have five stamens, which are borne in large, flat corymbs 8–24 cm in diameter in late spring to mid-summer (May or June).”
Frugt
August · varer 61 dage“The fruit is a glossy dark purple-black berry, 3-5 mm in diameter, which ripens during August and September.”
Høst
August · varer 61 dage“Elderberries are usually harvested in late summer to early autumn, around August to September (Northern Hemisphere), when the berries are fully ripe.”
Går i dvale
Oktober · varer 61 dage“The leaves fall in October/November in exposed sites, later in sheltered positions.”
Første høst
1–2 år efter plantningOrdinal "second or third season" converted to 1-2 years after planting. Article covers S. canadensis and S. nigra together.
Spiselige dele og bestøvning3 felter
Bestøvning
Selvbestøvende · en anden sort · tvekønnet“The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Flies.”Wikipedia“The individual flowers are ivory white, 5.5–7.5 millimetres (7⁄32–9⁄32 in) in diameter, with five petals, and despite having no nectar, produce a strong scent which leads to pollination by flies, beetles, and bees.”PFAF“The plant is self-fertile.”
Bestøves af
Fluer, bier, biller“The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Flies.”Wikipedia“The individual flowers are ivory white, 5.5–7.5 millimetres (7⁄32–9⁄32 in) in diameter, with five petals, and despite having no nectar, produce a strong scent which leads to pollination by flies, beetles, and bees.”
Økologi5 felter
Tiltrækker
Insects, fugle, flower thrips, dyreliv“The flowers are very attractive to insects.”PFAF“The fruit is very attractive to birds and this can draw them away from other cultivated fruits.”Wikipedia“Strong-scented flowers in wild populations of S. nigra attract numerous, minute flower thrips which may contribute to the transfer of pollen between inflorescences.”PFAF“It is noted for attracting wildlife.”
Skadedyr
Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Choristoneura hebenstreitella, Phlyctaenia coronata“The larvae of a number of moths including Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Choristoneura hebenstreitella and Phlyctaenia coronata feed in spun or rolled leaves and may defoliate the plant.”
Sygdomme
Elder whitewash fungus, judasøre, Cercospora depazeoides, viruses causing leaf roll or chlorotic patches“Like other elderberries, S. nigra is subject to elder whitewash fungus and jelly ear fungus.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“Leaf spots are produced by the fungus Cercospora depazeoides.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“A number of viruses cause leaf roll or chlorotic patches.”
Optager
Kalium, calcium, fosfor
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Fikserer kvælstof
Nej
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Formering og navne4 felter
Metoder
Frø, half-ripe cuttings, mature wood cuttings, stiklinger af modent ved“Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in the autumn in a cold frame, when it should germinate in early spring.”PFAF“Cuttings of half-ripe wood, 7 - 10cm with a heel, July/August in a frame.”PFAF“Cuttings of mature wood of the current season's growth, 15 - 20cm with a heel, late autumn in a frame or a sheltered outdoor bed.”Wikipedia“Plants for commercial plantations are usually propagated from own-rooted hardwood cuttings taken from one-year-old shoots.”
Sværhedsgrad
2 / 5
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Frø
2 months warm followed by 2 months cold stratification“Stored seed can be sown in the spring in a cold frame but will probably germinate better if it is given 2 months warm followed by 2 months cold stratification first.”
Ikke sorteret endnu43 felter
Felter som parseren gemmer, men som siden ikke har en række til endnu. De vises her automatisk, så intet er skjult.
ornamental.basis
documented
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ornamental.confidence
high
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ornamental.fall_interest
true
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ornamental.flower_colour
ornamental.evidence_quote
Sambucus nigra, commonly known as elder, produces creamy-white flowers in late spring to early summer, followed by dark purple berries. Its foliage is green, turning yellowish-green in autumn. The flowers have a moderate, sweet fragrance.
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ornamental.foliage_colour
green
AI-estimat82 % enig
ornamental.foliage_texture
medium
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ornamental.winter_structure
persistent_fruit, architectural_skeleton“it is rather bare in the winter though”
PFAFdelvist
ornamental.autumn_foliage_colour
yellow_green
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care_regime
light
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propagation.self_seeding
moderate
AI-estimat20 % enig
propagation.division_season
autumn
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propagation.establishment_years
2
AI-estimat40 % enig
size_at_age.v
1
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size_at_age.basis
years_after_planting
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function_profile.biomass_return.confidence
high
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.nutrient_flows.consumes
[{"basis":"documented","demand":"high","nutrient":"nitrogen","confidence":"high","evidence_quote":"especially on disturbed base-rich and nitrogen rich soils."}]“especially on disturbed base-rich and nitrogen rich soils”
PFAFdelvist
function_profile.nutrient_flows.provides
[{"basis":"documented","nutrient":"potassium","mechanism":"biomass_return","confidence":"high"},{"basis":"documented","nutrient":"calcium","mechanism":"biomass_return","confidence":"high"},{"basis":"inferred","nutrien…
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.biotic_interactions
[{"taxa":["flies","beetles","bees"],"basis":"documented","valence":"beneficial","relation":"attracts","confidence":"high","evidence_quote":"despite having no nectar, produce a strong scent which leads to pollination b…“despite having no nectar, produce a strong scent which leads to pollination by flies, beetles, and bees.”PFAF“The flowers are very attractive to insects.”Wikipedia“Strong-scented flowers in wild populations of S. nigra attract numerous, minute flower thrips which may contribute to the transfer of pollen between inflorescences.”Wikipedia“The fruit are an important food for many fruit-eating birds, notably blackcaps.”PFAF“The elder is an early colonizer of derelict land, the seed arriving in the defecations of birds and mammals.”PFAF“The fruit is very attractive to birds and this can draw them away from other cultivated fruits.”Wikipedia“Ripe elderberries are a food for migrating band-tailed pigeons in northern California, which may sometimes strip an entire bush in a short time.”Wikipedia“Elder rates as fair to good forage for animals such as mule deer, elk, sheep, and small birds.”PFAF“It is noted for attracting wildlife.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“The larvae of a number of moths including Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Choristoneura hebenstreitella and Phlyctaenia coronata feed in spun or rolled leaves and may defoliate the plant.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“Around 19 species of phytophagous insects are associated with elder: a relatively small number.”Wikipedia“Like other elderberries, S. nigra is subject to elder whitewash fungus and jelly ear fungus.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“Leaf spots are produced by the fungus Cercospora depazeoides.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“A number of viruses cause leaf roll or chlorotic patches.”
function_profile.aromatic_pest_effect.value
true“The leaves are used as an insect repellent, very effective when rubbed on the skin though they do impart their own unique fragrance”
function_profile.aromatic_pest_effect.confidence
high
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_shelter.basis
documented
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_shelter.kinds
wind“It can be used as a hedge or windbreak and is often planted in riparian zones for erosion control.”
function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_shelter.confidence
high
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_shelter.evidence_quote
Tolerant of salt-laden gales, this species can be grown as a shelter hedge in exposed maritime areas
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_shelter.basis
inferred
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_shelter.confidence
low
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_physical_support.form
dense_thicket
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_physical_support.basis
documented
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_physical_support.confidence
high
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_physical_support.evidence_quote
It can be used as a hedge or windbreak
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_physical_support.basis
inferred
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function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_physical_support.confidence
low
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climate_tolerance.photoperiod_response
day_neutral
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soil_interactions.organic_matter_contribution
high
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component_metadata.growth_cycle
perennial
AI-estimat100 % enig
resource_interfaces.inputs
[{"resource":"light","quantity_description":"primarily sunny locations; tolerates semi-shade"},{"resource":"water","quantity_description":"prefers moist soil"},{"resource":"shade","quantity_description":"semi-shade (l…“It prefers moist soil.”PFAF“It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade.”Wikipedia“despite having no nectar, produce a strong scent which leads to pollination by flies, beetles, and bees.”Wikipediadelvist“It grows in a variety of conditions including both wet and dry fertile soils, primarily in sunny locations.”
resource_interfaces.outputs
[{"resource":"habitat","quantity_description":"attracts wildlife"},{"resource":"fruit","quantity_description":"about 8 mm diameter, borne in large clusters from late summer to early autumn"},{"resource":"leaf_litter",…“It is noted for attracting wildlife.”PFAF“The fruit is about 8mm in diameter and is borne in large clusters in late summer to early autumn.”PFAF“The leaves fall in October/November in exposed sites, later in sheltered positions.”PFAF“It can be used as a hedge or windbreak and is often planted in riparian zones for erosion control.”PFAF“Elderberry is beneficial in agroforestry for attracting pollinators and wildlife.”PFAF“they have an aromatic smell and flavour”PFAF“The elder is an early colonizer of derelict land, the seed arriving in the defecations of birds and mammals.”JRC skovtræ-atlas“The wood of the elder is white, close grained and easily worked, and is suitable for making small objects such as skewers, combs and mathematical instruments.”
biotic_relationships.repels
insects, rodents“The dried flowering shoots are used to repel insects, rodents etc.”