What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Nectarattracts pollinators
Pollenattracts pollinators
Through the year
Emergence
Emergence of new growth in spring after the last frost and when soil temperatures rise above 5°C.
Flowering
Flowering typically occurs about 60 days after emergence and can last for up to 3 months.
Senescence
Foliage begins to die back with the first autumn frosts.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterLow
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionautumn
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, butterflies
Can host pestsaphids, spider_mites
Can host diseasesrust, crown_rot