What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightpart_shade to full_shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Fruitedible fruit
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
floweringFlowering occurs in late spring to early summer, producing bell-shaped flowers.
fruitingBerries develop after flowering and ripen through summer into early autumn.
harvestBerries are typically harvested from late summer through early autumn.
dormancyEnters a period of reduced growth during colder months, though it is evergreen.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained-to-moist
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatesorganic_matter
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam, clay_loam
Organic matterHigh
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseeds, cuttings, division
Difficulty3 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
Stratificationrequires cold stratification for 2-3 months
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring_or_autumn
Wildlife & pests
Attractspollinators, birds, mammals