What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of shoots in spring after the last frost and soil temperatures rise above 5°C.
floweringFlowering typically occurs about 60 days after emergence.
fruitingFruiting follows flowering, with tubers developing underground.
senescenceFoliage dies back with the first autumn frosts.
dormancyEnters dormancy after senescence, overwintering as tubers.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingYes
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatesnitrogen
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam, clay_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, tuber_division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
Stratificationcold_moist
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, pollinators