What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightpart_shade to shade
Waterconsistently moist to wet
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium to high
Shadedense ground cover
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of new shoots in early spring after the last frost and when soil temperatures rise above 5°C.
floweringFlowering occurs shortly after emergence, typically in early to mid-spring.
fruitingFruiting follows flowering, with seeds maturing by late spring to early summer.
senescenceFoliage begins to die back with the first autumn frosts.
dormancyEnters dormancy after senescence, remaining dormant through winter.
Soil interactions
Drainagepoor to moist
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatespotassium, calcium
Soil textureloam, clay
Organic matterHigh
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, division, rhizome_cuttings
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Can host pestsslugs, snails