What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Nectarabundant
Pollenabundant
Mulch_biomassmedium
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence typically occurs after the last spring frost when soil temperatures consistently reach 5°C.
floweringFlowering begins approximately 45 days after emergence and can last for up to two months.
senescenceSenescence is triggered by the first autumn frost, leading to plant die-back within two weeks.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatescalcium, phosphorus, potassium
Soil texturesandy, loamy, clay
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed
Difficulty1 / 5
Establishes in~0 yr
Self-seedingModerate
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, hoverflies, parasitic wasps