What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Fruitedible berries
Mulch_biomassmoderate
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceNew shoots emerge after the last spring frost and when air temperatures consistently rise above 5°C.
floweringFlowers appear approximately 60 days after emergence, coinciding with lengthening days in late spring to early summer.
fruitingFruits develop about 30 days after flowering, ripening over a period of two months.
senescenceFoliage begins to die back with the first autumn frosts and shortening day lengths.
dormancyPlants enter dormancy approximately 30 days after the first autumn frost, persisting through cold winter temperatures.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatespotassium, calcium
Soil textureloam, sandy loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseeds, cuttings, layering
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Stratificationcold stratification for 60-90 days
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, butterflies, birds
Can host pestsJapanese beetle, raspberry cane borer, stink bugs
Can host diseasesanthracnose, botrytis fruit rot, powdery mildew