What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Shadelow
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of new growth in early spring after the last frost and when soil temperatures rise above 5
C.
floweringFlowering occurs in late spring to early summer as day length increases, approximately 60 days after emergence.
senescenceSenescence begins with the first autumn frost and shortening days, leading to dormancy.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatespotassium, iron
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Stratificationnot_required
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring_or_autumn
Wildlife & pests
Can host pestsaphids, slugs
Can host diseasesrust, downy_mildew