What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Nectarabundant
Pollenmoderate
Biomassmedium
Through the year
Emergence
Emergence occurs after the last spring frost and when soil temperatures consistently reach 10°C.
Flowering
Flowering is primarily triggered by shortening photoperiods in autumn, typically starting in late summer and continuing until frost.
Senescence
Senescence begins with the first autumn frost, causing foliage to die back.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatespotassium, calcium
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, cuttings
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Self-seedingLight
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, hummingbirds