What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmoderate
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of seedlings typically occurs after the last spring frost when soil temperatures consistently reach 5°C.
floweringFlowering is initiated by lengthening photoperiods, occurring approximately 90 days after emergence.
fruitingFruiting follows flowering, with seeds developing over about 45 days.
senescenceSenescence begins with the first autumn frost, leading to the dying back of foliage.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatespotassium, calcium
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceLow
Propagation
Methodsseed
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Stratificationnot_required
Self-seedingModerate
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, butterflies