What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Sunlightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium to high
↑ Gives back
Berriesedible fruit
Biomassmedium
Through the year
Emergence
New growth emerges after the last spring frost and consistent temperatures above 50C.
Flowering
Flowering occurs approximately 30 days after emergence.
Fruiting
Fruit development begins about 60 days after flowering and ripens over 45 days.
Senescence
Leaves begin to change color and drop with the first autumn frost and shortening days.
Dormancy
Enters dormancy shortly after senescence, lasting through winter.
Timing is relative to your local season (temperate Northern Hemisphere).
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatespotassium, phosphorus
Soil texturesandy_loam, loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceLow
Propagation
Methodsseed, cuttings, division
Difficulty3 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
Stratificationcold_moist_stratification_60_90_days
Self-seedingLight
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, birds