What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Waterlow to medium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium to high
Shadelight to medium
Pollenabundant
Nectarabundant
Companions
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceNew leaves emerge shortly after the last spring frost and when air temperatures consistently rise above 5
C.
floweringFlowering occurs approximately one month after leaf emergence, typically in late spring to early summer.
fruitingPods containing seeds develop after flowering and mature over several weeks.
harvestSeeds can be harvested from mature pods in mid to late summer.
senescenceLeaves turn yellow and drop with the first significant autumn frost.
dormancyThe plant enters dormancy after leaf drop and remains dormant through winter.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained to moderately drained
Nitrogen fixingYes
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatesnitrogen
Soil texturesandy, loamy, clay
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceHigh
Propagation
Methodsseed, cuttings, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~2 yr
Stratificationrequires cold stratification for 60-90 days
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring_or_autumn
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, pollinators, birds
Can host pestsaphids