KENPEI · CC BY-SA 3.0
Hovedkål
Plante·Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Halvskygge til fuld sol
Sol
Fugtig jord
Vand
Veldrænet jord
Dræning
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Hårdførhed
Dækning · 96 felter
Ingen åbenlyse uoverensstemmelser fundet.
Vækst og størrelse10 felter
Plantetype
Plante
AI-estimat100 % enig
Højde
80 cm“Brassica oleracea capitata is a BIENNIAL growing to 0.8 m (2ft 7in) at a medium rate.”
Bredde
90 cm
AI-estimat58 % enig
Højde ved alder
—
tomt
Planteafstand
61 cm (mindst 30 cm)“Growers normally place plants 30 to 61 cm (12 to 24 in) apart.”
Vækstrate
Middel“Brassica oleracea capitata is a BIENNIAL growing to 0.8 m (2ft 7in) at a medium rate.”
Vækstform
—
tomt
Skovhavelag
Urtelag
AI-estimat90 % enig
Levetid
~2 år
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Rødder6 felter
Lagerorgan
Intet“It does not multiply vegetatively: it has no rhizomes, runners, suckers or offspring bulbs or tubers.”
Breder sig
Nej“It does not multiply vegetatively: it has no rhizomes, runners, suckers or offspring bulbs or tubers.”
Breder sig sideværts i cm
—
tomt
Roddybde i cm
Typisk 30 cm · Dybest 200 cm“some lateral roots can penetrate up to 2 m (6+1⁄2 ft) deep”Wikipedia“About 90% of the root mass is in the upper 20–30 cm (8–12 in) of soil”
Mykorrhiza
Ingen mykorrhiza
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Lys, vand og jord9 felter
Sol
Timer sol
6–8 t
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Tørketålende
—
tomt
Tåler vandlidende jord
—
tomt
Jordtype
Sand, muld, ler · bedst: ler“Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil.”PFAF“Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil.”PFAFdelvist“Prefers a heavy soil and a cool moist climate.”
pH
4,3–8,3 · bedst 6–6,8“Tolerates a pH in the range 4.3 to 8.3.”Wikipedia“Different varieties prefer different soil types, ranging from lighter sand to heavier clay, but all prefer fertile ground with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8.”PFAF“Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid and very alkaline soils.”
Komprimeret jord
Tåler det dårligt
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Klima5 felter
Hårdførhed
—
tomt
Dræbende frost
—
tomt
Vækst-temperatur
5–25 °C · optimal 15–20 °C
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Kuldetimer
0 t
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Hjemsted
—
tomt
Pleje (bliver til opgaver i Manage)6 felter
Såning
Marts · varer 183 dage“Seed - this can be sown from early spring to late summer in a seedbed outdoors, depending on the cultivar.”
PFAFdelvist
Udplantning
Efter sidste frost“This is planted out in early to mid-spring as the weather allows and can be harvested in late spring and early summer.”
Vanding
Juni · varer 90 dage
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Gødning
Efter forrige fase · 30 dage efter · a balanced fertiliser
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Beskyttelse
Maj · varer 120 dage · insects
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Forspiring
Januar · varer 59 dage“Seed of fast-growing summer cabbages can also be sown in a greenhouse in January/February in order to provide an early crop.”
PFAFdelvist
Året rundt4 felter
Blomstring
Maj · varer 122 dage“It is in flower from May to August, and the seeds ripen from July to September.”
Høst
Efter forrige fase · 70 dage efter · varer 50 dage“Early varieties of cabbage take about 70 days from planting to reach maturity, while late varieties take about 120 days.”
Spring ud
Over 20 °C · varer 2 dage“Seedlings typically emerge in about 4–6 days from seeds planted 13 mm (1⁄2 in) deep at a soil temperature between 20 and 30 °C (68 and 86 °F).”
Spiselige dele og bestøvning4 felter
Økologi5 felter
Tiltrækker
Bier, insects, sommerfugle“The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees.”Wikipedia“Self-pollination is impossible, and plants are cross-pollinated by insects.”PFAF“Special Features:Attractive foliage, Not North American native, Attracts butterflies, Inconspicuous flowers or blooms.”
Skadedyr
Kålorme, bladlus, jordlopper, cabbage loopers, harlequin bugs, root-knot nematodes, cabbage maggots, harlequin cabbage bugs, thrips, striped flea beetles, sommerfuglelarver, Delia platura (seedcorn maggot), Pieris rapae (small cabbage white), Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth), Mamestra brassicae (cabbage moth), Phaedon cochleariae (mustard leaf beetle), Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)“Pests include root-knot nematodes and cabbage maggots, which produce stunted and wilted plants with yellow leaves”Wikipedia“harlequin cabbage bugs, which cause white and yellow leaves”Wikipedia“thrips, which lead to leaves with white-bronze spots”Wikipedia“striped flea beetles, which riddle leaves with small holes”Wikipedia“caterpillars, which leave behind large, ragged holes in leaves”Wikipedia“Delia platura, or the seedcorn maggot, is also a known pest of cabbage.”Wikipedia“The caterpillar stage of the "small cabbage white butterfly" (Pieris rapae), commonly known in the United States as the "imported cabbage worm", is a major cabbage pest in most countries.”Wikipedia“The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae) thrive in the higher summer temperatures of continental Europe, where they cause considerable damage to cabbage crops.”Wikipedia“The mustard leaf beetle (Phaedon cochleariae), is a common pest of cabbage plants.”Wikipedia“The cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) is infamous in North America for its voracious appetite and for producing frass that contaminates plants.”
Sygdomme
Falsk meldug, Rhizoctonia solani (wirestem), Fusarium yellows, Leptosphaeria maculans (blackleg), Alternaria brassicae, Alternaria brassicicola, Xanthomonas campestris (black rot), Plasmodiophora brassicae (clubroot), Peronospora parasitica (downy mildew)“The plant can grow in partial shade, but care must be taken to provide sufficient ventilation, as this reduces the prevalence of downy mildew.”Wikipedia“Rhizoctonia solani causes the post-emergence disease wirestem, resulting in killed seedlings”Wikipedia“Fusarium yellows, which result in stunted and twisted plants with yellow leaves”Wikipedia“blackleg (see Leptosphaeria maculans), which leads to sunken areas on stems and gray-brown spotted leaves”Wikipedia“The fungi Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicicola cause dark leaf spots in affected plants.”Wikipedia“One of the most common bacterial diseases to affect cabbage is black rot, caused by Xanthomonas campestris, which causes chlorotic and necrotic lesions that start at the leaf margins, and wilting of plants.”Wikipedia“Clubroot, caused by the soilborne slime mold-like organism Plasmodiophora brassicae, results in swollen, club-like roots.”Wikipedia“Downy mildew, a parasitic disease caused by the oomycete Peronospora parasitica, produces pale leaves with white, brownish or olive mildew on the lower leaf surfaces”
Optager
Sulfur, calcium, kalium
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Fikserer kvælstof
Nej
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Formering og navne4 felter
Metoder
Seed - sow April in situ., Cuttings root very easily at almost any time in the growing season[K]., frø“Seed - sow April in situ.”PFAF“Cuttings root very easily at almost any time in the growing season[K].”PFAF“Seed - this can be sown from early spring to late summer in a seedbed outdoors, depending on the cultivar.”
Sværhedsgrad
1 / 5
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Frø
none
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
Ikke sorteret endnu43 felter
Felter som parseren gemmer, men som siden ikke har en række til endnu. De vises her automatisk, så intet er skjult.
forage.DK.local_name
hovedkaal
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
forage.DK.prep_cautions
Many people find that the raw leaves give them indigestion“Many people find that the raw leaves give them indigestion[K].”
forage.DK.edibility_basis
inferred
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
forage.DK.foraging_months.year_round
true“By careful selection of cultivars, it is possible to harvest cabbages all year round[K].”
forage.US.edible_parts
[{"part":"Leaves","caution":null,"preparation":"raw or cooked"},{"part":"Seed","caution":null,"preparation":"sprouted and added to salads"}]“Leaves - raw or cooked.”PFAF“Seeds - sprouted and added to salads.”
forage.US.prep_cautions
Many people find that the raw leaves give them indigestion“Many people find that the raw leaves give them indigestion[K].”
forage.US.edibility_basis
inferred
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
forage.US.foraging_months.year_round
true“By careful selection of cultivars, it is possible to harvest cabbages all year round[K].”
ornamental.basis
documented
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
ornamental.fragrance.source
none
AI-estimat100 % enig
ornamental.fragrance.intensity
subtle
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
ornamental.confidence
high
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
ornamental.fall_interest
false
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
ornamental.flower_colour
ornamental.evidence_quote
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) typically produces yellow flowers. Its foliage is green to blue-green and it does not exhibit significant autumn foliage color change. It has a medium foliage texture. There is no notable fall interest or winter structure, and it is not known for fragrance.
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
ornamental.foliage_colour
ornamental.foliage_texture
medium“Wild Brassica oleracea is a tall biennial or perennial plant that forms a stout rosette of large leaves in its first year.”
Wikipediadelvist
ornamental.winter_structure
none“In its second year, a woody spike grows up to 1.5 metres (5 ft) tall, from which branch off stems with long clusters of four-petaled yellow flowers.”
Wikipediadelvist
ornamental.autumn_foliage_colour
none
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
care_regime
light
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
propagation.self_seeding
light
AI-estimat20 % enig
propagation.establishment_years
0
AI-estimat40 % enig
spatial_profile.canopy_density
dense
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.biomass_return.confidence
high“A dynamic accumulator gathering minerals or nutrients from the soil and storing them in a more bioavailable form - used as fertilizer or to improve mulch.”
function_profile.nutrient_flows.consumes
[{"basis":"documented","demand":"high","nutrient":"nitrogen","confidence":"medium","evidence_quote":"The plant is tolerant of a variety of soil conditions between pH 6.0 and 7.5, but grows particularly well in alkalin…“The plant is tolerant of a variety of soil conditions between pH 6.0 and 7.5, but grows particularly well in alkaline soils in full sunlight, with good drainage and high amounts of nitrogen.”
function_profile.nutrient_flows.provides
[{"basis":"inferred","nutrient":"sulfur","mechanism":"biomass_return","confidence":"low"},{"basis":"inferred","nutrient":"calcium","mechanism":"biomass_return","confidence":"low"},{"basis":"inferred","nutrient":"potas…“A dynamic accumulator gathering minerals or nutrients from the soil and storing them in a more bioavailable form - used as fertilizer or to improve mulch.”
PFAFdelvist
function_profile.biotic_interactions
[{"taxa":["bees"],"basis":"documented","valence":"beneficial","relation":"attracts","confidence":"high","evidence_quote":"The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees.","org…“The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees.”Wikipedia“Self-pollination is impossible, and plants are cross-pollinated by insects.”PFAF“Special Features:Attractive foliage, Not North American native, Attracts butterflies, Inconspicuous flowers or blooms.”Wikipedia“Pests include root-knot nematodes and cabbage maggots, which produce stunted and wilted plants with yellow leaves”Wikipedia“aphids, which induce stunted plants with curled and yellow leaves”Wikipedia“harlequin cabbage bugs, which cause white and yellow leaves”Wikipedia“thrips, which lead to leaves with white-bronze spots”Wikipedia“striped flea beetles, which riddle leaves with small holes”Wikipedia“caterpillars, which leave behind large, ragged holes in leaves”Wikipedia“Delia platura, or the seedcorn maggot, is also a known pest of cabbage.”Wikipedia“The caterpillar stage of the "small cabbage white butterfly" (Pieris rapae), commonly known in the United States as the "imported cabbage worm", is a major cabbage pest in most countries.”Wikipedia“The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae) thrive in the higher summer temperatures of continental Europe, where they cause considerable damage to cabbage crops.”Wikipedia“The mustard leaf beetle (Phaedon cochleariae), is a common pest of cabbage plants.”Wikipedia“The cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) is infamous in North America for its voracious appetite and for producing frass that contaminates plants.”Wikipedia“Rhizoctonia solani causes the post-emergence disease wirestem, resulting in killed seedlings”Wikipedia“Fusarium yellows, which result in stunted and twisted plants with yellow leaves”Wikipedia“blackleg (see Leptosphaeria maculans), which leads to sunken areas on stems and gray-brown spotted leaves”Wikipedia“The fungi Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicicola cause dark leaf spots in affected plants.”Wikipedia“One of the most common bacterial diseases to affect cabbage is black rot, caused by Xanthomonas campestris, which causes chlorotic and necrotic lesions that start at the leaf margins, and wilting of plants.”Wikipedia“Clubroot, caused by the soilborne slime mold-like organism Plasmodiophora brassicae, results in swollen, club-like roots.”Wikipedia“Downy mildew, a parasitic disease caused by the oomycete Peronospora parasitica, produces pale leaves with white, brownish or olive mildew on the lower leaf surfaces”
function_profile.aromatic_pest_effect.value
false
AI-estimat80 % enig
function_profile.aromatic_pest_effect.confidence
high
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_shelter.basis
inferred
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_shelter.confidence
low
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_shelter.basis
inferred
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_shelter.confidence
medium
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_physical_support.basis
inferred
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.provides_physical_support.confidence
low
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_physical_support.basis
taxonomic
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
function_profile.structural_interfaces.requires_physical_support.confidence
high
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
climate_tolerance.photoperiod_response
long_day
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
soil_interactions.organic_matter_contribution
medium
AI-estimatikke målt endnu
component_metadata.growth_cycle
biennial“Brassica oleracea is a BIENNIAL/PERENNIAL growing to 1.2 m (4ft).”
PFAFdelvist
resource_interfaces.inputs
[{"resource":"light","quantity_description":"full sun"},{"resource":"water","quantity_description":"moist soil"},{"resource":"space","quantity_description":"30 to 61 cm apart"}]“Succeeds in full sun in a well-drained fertile preferably alkaline soil.”PFAF“It prefers moist soil.”Wikipedia“Growers normally place plants 30 to 61 cm (12 to 24 in) apart.”
resource_interfaces.outputs
[{"resource":"pollinator_services","quantity_description":"attracts butterflies"},{"resource":"seeds","quantity_description":"seeds ripen July to September"}]“Special Features:Attractive foliage, Not North American native, Attracts butterflies, Inconspicuous flowers or blooms.”PFAF“It is in flower from May to August, and the seeds ripen from July to September.”