What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate to high
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomasshigh
Shademoderate
Companions
planttreetree
Tomato
Can be used as a chop-and-drop mulch around tomatoes to provide nutrients and suppress weeds.
Common Pear
Beneficial for pear trees by improving soil fertility and attracting beneficial insects.
Apple
Often planted near fruit trees like apple to provide nutrient cycling and attract pollinators.
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence in early spring after the last frost and when soil temperatures consistently reach 5°C.
floweringFlowering typically begins about 60 days after emergence and can last for up to 3 months.
senescenceFoliage dies back with the first autumn frost.
dormancyEnters dormancy after the first autumn frost, lasting through winter.
Soil interactions
Drainagemoist but well-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatespotassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper
Soil textureloam, clay
Organic matterHigh
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsdivision, seed
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Stratificationnot required
Self-seedingLight
Divisionspring
Wildlife & pests
Attractsbees, hoverflies
Can host diseasescomfrey rust