What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Nectarabundant
Pollenabundant
Companions
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceSeeds germinate after the last spring frost when soil temperatures are consistently above 10°C.
floweringFlowering typically begins about 45 days after emergence and continues for several months.
fruitingFruits (seed pods) develop shortly after flowering and mature over several weeks.
senescencePlants are typically killed by the first autumn frost, leading to senescence.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceLow
Propagation
Methodsseed
Difficulty1 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Self-seedingModerate
Wildlife & pests
Attractspollinators, beneficial insects
Can host pestsaphids, cabbage worms, whiteflies