What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermedium
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Nectarattracts pollinators
Companions
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceEmergence of new growth in spring after the last frost and when soil temperatures rise above 5°C.
floweringFlowering typically occurs in early summer, triggered by lengthening days.
senescenceFoliage dies back with the first autumn frosts.
dormancyEnters dormancy after senescence, lasting through winter.
Soil interactions
Drainagemoist but well-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Accumulatespotassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium
Soil textureloam, clay, sandy
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceMedium
Propagation
Methodsseed, division
Difficulty2 / 5
Establishes in~1 yr
Stratificationcold_moist
Self-seedingModerate
Divisionspring_autumn
Wildlife & pests
Attractspollinators, beneficial insects
Can host diseasesrust, powdery mildew