What it needs & gives back
↓ Needs
Lightfull sun to partial shade
Watermoderate
↑ Gives back
Mulch_biomassmedium
Companions
Through the year
Through the year
JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceSeeds germinate when soil temperatures reach 7°C or higher.
floweringFlowering is typically initiated by lengthening days in late spring to early summer.
harvestLeaves and roots can be harvested from 60 days after emergence, with continuous harvest possible for several months.
senescencePlants will begin to senesce and die back with the first autumn frosts.
Soil interactions
Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalNo
Accumulatespotassium, magnesium, iron
Soil textureloam, sandy_loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceLow
Propagation
Methodsseed
Difficulty1 / 5
Establishes in~0 yr
Self-seedingLight
Wildlife & pests
Can host pestsleaf miners, aphids, flea beetles
Can host diseasescercospora leaf spot, downy mildew, root rot