plant

Corn Maize

zea mays

Updated 4 Aug 2026 · AI-parsed entry

Corn Maize (zea mays) — a plant, for Full sun, High water. Companions: Common bean, Courgette marrow.

What it needs & gives back

↓ Needs

Lightfull sun
Watermedium to high

↑ Gives back

Mulch_biomasshigh

Companions

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Common bean

Part of the 'Three Sisters' companion planting, corn provides a trellis for climbing beans.

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Courgette marrow

Part of the 'Three Sisters' companion planting, squash provides ground cover and suppresses weeds.

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Cucumber

Corn provides a trellis for vining cucumbers and shade in hot climates.

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Fig-leaf gourd

Often grown together in 'Three Sisters' planting, where corn provides a trellis for the gourd.

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Winter squash

Part of the 'Three Sisters' planting, corn provides a trellis for squash vines.

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Tansy

Repels corn earworm and other corn pests.

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Sweet clover

Provides nitrogen and improves soil structure for corn.

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Garden pea

Corn provides a natural trellis for peas to climb, and peas provide nitrogen to the corn.

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Butternut squash

Part of the 'Three Sisters' planting, corn provides a stalk for squash to climb.

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Potato

Corn can provide shade for potatoes, but both are heavy feeders and can compete for nutrients.

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Red clover

Provides nitrogen and ground cover for corn.

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Broad Bean

Broad beans can provide nitrogen to corn, a heavy feeder.

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Crimson clover

Nitrogen-fixing cover crop for corn.

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Tomato

Corn can provide shade for tomatoes in hot climates, but can also compete for nutrients.

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White Clover

Provides nitrogen and ground cover, suppressing weeds around corn.

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Common vetch

Can be planted with corn to provide nitrogen and use corn stalks for support.

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Hairy vetch

Often grown as a cover crop with corn, providing nitrogen and physical support.

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Runner bean

Often grown together in 'Three Sisters' planting, corn provides physical support for the climbing beans.

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Sunflower

Can provide shade for corn in hot climates, and both benefit from similar growing conditions.

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Beetroot chard

Corn is a good companion.

Through the year

Through the year

JFMAMJJASOND
emergenceSeeds germinate and emerge when soil temperatures consistently reach 10°C or higher.
floweringTassels and silks emerge approximately 60-75 days after emergence, depending on variety and growing conditions.
fruitingEars begin to fill with kernels after successful pollination, maturing over several weeks.
harvestHarvest occurs when kernels are fully developed and reach desired maturity, typically 2-3 weeks after silking for sweet corn, longer for field corn.
senescencePlants naturally senesce and die back with the first autumn frost.

Soil interactions

Drainagewell-drained
Nitrogen fixingNo
MycorrhizalYes
Soil textureloam, sandy loam
Organic matterMedium
Compaction toleranceLow

Propagation

Methodsseed
Difficulty1 / 5
Establishes in~0 yr

Wildlife & pests

Attractspollinators
Can host pestscorn earworm, corn borer, aphids, cutworms, rootworms
Can host diseasessmut, rust, blight